Airport Privatization Essay - 863 Words

Airports are key enhancers of commerce and trade; they generate massive transportation and key economic benefits (Vasigh, 2007). Privatization of airports relates to transfer of ownership of airport from public ownership sector to private ownership (Jobs Consultancy, 2007). Privatization process aims at increasing of efficiency, competitiveness and viable financing of airports. Considerations on whether to privatize an airport are made by governments and the decision has a long-term impact that follows (Jobs Consultancy, 2007). A complete and thorough review of the decision is made for a government to come up with a decision whether to privatize an airport or not. The complete review is necessary to ensure the decision is viable†¦show more content†¦United Kingdom has been privatizing its airports either fully or partially depending on the agreement made. British Airport Authority operates its own airports and its prices are regulated by the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) to gether with the government and the competition commission. The CAA also regulates all the aspects of both security and safety. British Airways Authorities owns and operates all its airports and it is responsible for all the activities of airline services. In the UK, the government of Mrs. Thatcher decided to transfer ownership of airports to the private sector, whereby British Airports Authority (BBA), United Kingdom’s main airport provider, was privatized through issuing a public share to the interested parties in 1987. The airports privatized included London Heathrow together with London Gatwick (Adam Smith Institute, 2002). Apart from the privatization of BBA in the United Kingdom, smaller and minor airports that were operated and owned by the government authorities are also being sold to private owners and operators. These smaller airports include Birmingham International, Luton, East Midlands and Bristol. United Kingdom has continued privatizing its airports since 1987 since its government feels that it has no good reason for either owning or operating an airport. However, there has been a world-wide trend where airports are viewed as national prestige symbols in some countries (Adam Smith Institute, 2002). The government decided toShow MoreRelatedPrivatization of Airports750 Words   |  3 PagesPRIVATIZATION OF AIRPORTS Conceptual Understanding of the term ‘Privatization’ ‘Privatization’ is a generally a process through which the ownership and control of a government entity is transferred to a private entity. The transfer can be either in whole or partial. Different connotations of the term ‘privatization’ as enumerated in various articles and journals are as follows : 1. Movement of an entity from the federal government to a local or quasi-governmental agency where a private sectorRead MoreAirport Privatization 21980 Words   |  8 PagesAirport Privatization: Introduction: Airport plays a key role of air transport; it has a big impact on development of economics in a country. Freight passengers and cargo to any part of the world and it allows aircraft to land and take off. An airport has to have a proper infrastructure, which consists of runaways, taxiways, apron, terminal for arrival and departure of passengers, terminal for freight and ground interchange. It should have a wide range of facilities; lounge for passengers, shopsRead MoreBenefits Of Airline And Airport Privatization1971 Words   |  8 Pagesturbulence and uncertainty in this increasingly low margin market. Although separate entities, airlines and airports are interdependent and could not operate without the other. A major consequence of deregulation is airline concentration and strong economic drivers are pushing towards even further concentration and consolidation (Doganis, 2006). UK airport regulation was reformed with airport privatisation, enabling a long term focus to meet international demand and to maintain a customer focused businessRead MorePrivatization, Commercialization and Deregulation of Airports1795 Words   |  8 PagesTOPIC: Privatization, commercialization and deregulation of airports – incentives for airport to compete and maximize profits. Increasing importance of airport concession revenue – affects performance of different airport regulations, and leads to evolving vertical relationships. As competition in the airline market intensifies, airport-airline relationship becomes increasingly important. Discuss the impacts of airports on airline competition – focus on airport performance and airline-airport relationshipRead MorePrivatization Of Public Service Privatization1039 Words   |  5 PagesBecause governments found that they can not afford their varying brands of socialism in most of countries, privatization has been popular in the last decades. Public service privatization is the progress to transfer the public service, which is owned by governments, to the private firms whatever it is a profit or non-profit firms. As concerned, privatization can provide a lower price to public and more efficient services from privatised companies. However, it will also create some problems such asRead MoreBuilding A Project For Public Welfare2166 Words   |  9 Pagespartnerships. Typically, the PPP can be referred neither a privatization not a partial privatization. Privatization has usually been defined as a course of shifting the ownership, functioning or management of a service or action wholly or partly, from the government to the private sector. The key difference between the PPP and privatization is that the responsibility for delivery and backing a particular activity lies with the private sector in privatization. The PPP, on the other hand, involves full retentionRead MoreAirline Industry1221 Words   |  5 Pagesprofit of $9 billion in 2011. After the recent credit crunch, economies are now coming back to normal, business travel is increasing and investments in the airlines are now rising. Political/Legal influences Privatization Over the years airlines have undergone large-scale privatization; previously a significant portion of airlines industry was government-owned. Privatizing the industry has led to drastic increase in the number of air service providers and the airline travellers. Legal provision Read More Airline Deregulation Essay1046 Words   |  5 Pagesand routes. But various municipalities still retain ownership over airports. Given the massive improvements in the airlines since dergulation, why not apply this same thinking to airport ownership? The results should only be more of the same: better service, cheaper prices, and more market freedom. But the legislation winding its way through the legislative maze that is Congress does anything but move towards increased privatization. S. 1331, sponsored by Senator John McCain (R-AZ), would make itRead MoreAirline Deregulation1054 Words   |  5 Pagesroutes. But various municipalities still retain ownership over airports. Given the massive improvements in the airlines since dergulation, why not apply this same thinking to airport ownership? The results should only be more of the same: better service, cheaper prices, and more market freedom. But the legislation winding its way through the legislative maze that is Congress does anything but move towards increased privatization. S. 1331, sponsored by Senator John McCain (R-AZ), would make itRead MoreTransportation Service Administration and Aviation1387 Words   |  6 Pagessecurity acts and the creation of TSA, what does that mean? Prior to November, 2001, airport security was contracted by either the airport or the airlines to the private sector. The Aviation and Transportation Security Act required all airport security personnel be employed by the federal government. (Rahn, 2001) Was it necessary for the federal government to federalize airport security? The debate for privatization suggests that the functions of entire bureaucracies should be contracted out to private

Depilacion Masculina Free Essays

Universidad Interamericana de Puerto Rico Recinto Bayamon Bienestar y Calidad de Vida La depilacion Masculina Alexander Rosa Rosa Y00224459 Bienestar y Calidad de Vida EGEF 3000 Prof. Carlos J. Santiago Bibiloni Introduccion La depilacion masculina es un tema que hoy puede abordarse sin problema, con total confianza. We will write a custom essay sample on Depilacion Masculina or any similar topic only for you Order Now Cada vez son mas los hombres que acuden a este tipo de proceso ya sea por razones esteticas, higiene o deportivas. No obstante hay diferentes tipos de depilacion, entre ellas estan la depilacion con, ceras, electrica, cremas, cuchillas, pinzas, foto depilacion y laser que es mas famosa del siglo XXI. Siempre se debe consultar a su medico dermatologo para ver cual de las alternativas de depilacion es la mas segura para su piel. Segun el articulo â€Å"En boga la depilacion masculina†, de la Revista Contorno desde hace algun tiempo los hombres estan optando por deshacerse de el vello corporal y lo hacen sometiendose a la depilacion laser, esto por razones esteticas como higienicas. Los hombres que mas usan este servicio de depilacion son los ciclistas, nadadores, fisiculturistas, bailarines, modelos o cualquier hombre que le moleste el vello en exceso o el vello que le provoca mucha transpiracion. Segun una encuesta de la revista Men’s Fitness, â€Å"si los hombres pudieran cambiar una parte de sus cuerpos, el 54. 9% cambiaria sus foliculos capilares mas que sus musculos† (Clayton, 2008  ¶ 1). Las zonas que mas demandadas por los hombres para ser depiladas por laser son las siguientes (de mayor a menor importancia): zona inferior de la barba, espalda y hombros, torax y abdomen, entrecejo, orejas, manos, pomulos y otras mas como piernas, brazos, nalgas†¦ Como menciona este articulo, la depilacion laser es un tratamiento que se aplica de acuerdo el caso. Este procedimiento dirige el haz de una luz continua que actua por foto termolisis selectiva: se trata de una longitud de onda que atraviesa las capas superficiales de la piel y que es absorbida por la melanina (pigmento presente en todo tipo de vello salvo en las canas y el vello rubio), la cual al absorber la energia luminosa se calienta provocando la destruccion de la matriz del vello y del foliculo piloso. Es un metodo rapido y comodo que consigue una depilacion duradera y en muchos casos definitiva. Este tipo de depilacion es efectiva tanto para hombres como mujeres y se puede utilizar en casi todas las partes del cuerpo. Por ejemplo, no se puede realizar en la parte interna de la ceja, por ser poco seguro para el globo ocular. En las zonas en donde que se consiguen mejores resultados en los hombres son la espalda, el torax y la barba. Muchos varones se aplican varias sesiones de este tratamiento para perder densidad en su barba y no sufrir irritacion al afeitarse. Es importante que la depilacion laser en la barba se haga de forma cuidadosa. En cada sesion de laser el paciente pierde un porcentaje de vello que no vuelve a salir nunca, ahora bien, un varon joven mientras tiene sus niveles de hormonas masculinas alto, tiene un estimulo continuo de crecimiento de vello en las zonas androgenodependientes, entre ellas, la barba. En este caso, una vez finalizado el tratamiento, necesitaria sesiones de repaso cada cierto tiempo para poder mantenerse totalmente depilado en esa zona. Para mejores resultados de una depilacion laser es si se tienen la piel clara (con poca melanina) y pelo oscuro. ?Motivo? Porque la melanina es la que absorbe la energia luminica y se calienta. Asi, la piel se calienta poco y el vello mucho, que es lo que interesa. Si tienes la piel y los pelos oscuros o claros, o la piel oscura y el pelo claro, tampoco hay problema, pero hay que adoptar precauciones. Asi como es una buena solucion, tambien hay que tener en cuenta que no todo el mundo puede hacerse la misma por que podria causarle algun dano. Contra quien esta contraindicada esta manera de depilacion laser, a personas con Acne severo, soriasis activa, herpes simple activo, infeccion de cualquier tipo y fiebre, diabetes mellitas, epilepsia, condiciones que requieran tratamiento. Es importante que a la hora de elegir un centro de depilacion laser, hay que fijarse en la experiencia acumulada, utilizacion de equipos de ultima generacion, que sea un centro autorizado por sanidad y con profesionales medicos especializados en estetica. Opinion La depilacion masculina hasta hace algunos anos era algo del cual no se hablaba mucho y se categorizaba a las personas que lo hacian como personas gay. Desde que comenzo la moda del metrosexualismo hace algun tiempo se comenzo a ver que algunos iconos de la moda como actores, cantantes etc. omenzaron hacer este tipo de cosas que presentan a un hombre moderno y mas preocupado por su salud e higiene, entre estas opciones esta el que nos depilamos alguna parte del cuerpo de la cual nos pudiera causar alguna molestia, como la barba, axilas o piernas. En mi opinion no veo de malo que nosotros los hombres nos depilemos alguna parte de nuestro cuerpo ya que esto nos ayuda a mantener una mejor higiene y apariencia. Algunos ejemplos que tenemos de celebridades son Don Omar y Daddy Yankee que se depilan las cejas para que luzcan menos abundantes. Esto es opinion y es una decision personal de cada cual. Hoy en dia las mujeres se fijan mucho a este tipo de cosas, las cuales en estos ultimos tiempos a muchas de ellas les gusta tener a su lado una persona que mantenga una buena apariencia e higiene a traves de la depilacion a traves de cualquiera de sus alternativas. Referencias Revista Contorno. (2008, Verano). En boga la depilacion masculina. Recuperado el 20 de febrero de 2010 desde: http://revistacontorno. com/articles/depilacion. htm Rosa, E. (2009, 28 de abril). Auge en la depilacion masculina. Recuperado el 0 de febrero de 2010 desde: http://www. primerahora. com/diario/noticia/moda/vive a_tu_manera/auge_en_la_depilacion_masculina/293374 Clayton, V. (2008, Verano). Is Hairless More?. Recuperado el 21 de febrero 2010 desde: http://www. mensfitness. com/lifestyle/mens_grooming/33 Redaccion Mujer,(2005, 23 de junio) Diferentes tipos de Depilacion. Recuperado el 20 de febrero 2010 desde: http://mujer. orange. es/moda y_belleza /cuerpo_y mente/1270_1. html How to cite Depilacion Masculina, Essay examples

Employees be Primarily Motivated by Money

Question: Should Employees be Primarily Motivated by Money? Answer: Introduction Employee motivation defines the energy level, creativity and commitment of the workforce. In this era of business modernization, organizations are considering employee relationship for gaining supremacy in the competitive market. It is the sole responsibility of management to implement effective motivational tools for empowering employee performance. According to Lazaroiu (2015), there are different motivational tools such as recognition, succession plan, flexibility and remuneration increment. In this regards, Chauhan, Goel and Arora (2014) has argued that selection of the motivational tool completely depends on the organizational requirements and culture as well. It is highly necessary to implement an effective motivational tool for empowering employees performance level, which helps an organization in handling a critical situation. Most of the organizations try to satisfy their employees through financial benefits rather than other benefits. This essay will critically evaluate that whether the financial benefit is an essential motivational tool or the other motivational tools are also need to take into account for strengthening workforce performance. Discussion According to Solomon et al. (2012), financial benefit is one of the major motivational tools, which helps an organization to motivate the workforce. On the other hand, Manzoor (2012) has argued that financial benefit only helps an individual to fulfill the primary needs and requirements. As per the Maslow hierarchy of needs, an individual should fulfill the basic needs for reaching to the self-actualization level (Cherian and Jacob 2013). However, the other phase of Maslow hierarchy of needs suggest that other factors such as belongings, social needs and esteem are also important for reaching to the ultimate level of motivation (Qayyum 2012). Therefore, it can be said that money is important for satisfying needs of an individual; however, the other motivational tools are also important for leading the workforce towards success. As stated by Acha, Hargiss and Howard (2013), there is a huge difference between inspiration and motivation. If an employee is inspired, then he or she will b e able to generate new ideas. In the other hand, Bogoviz, Vukovich and Stroiteleva (2013) mentioned that if an employee is motivated, then he or she would be able to implement that innovative idea. It defines that motivation is something that influence the workforce to give extra effort for getting successive outcome from their performance. Therefore, it is important to empower self-esteem of the workforce along with providing better remuneration. According to Ude and Coker (2012), an organization should have proper pay structure for satisfying the workforce. On the other hand, Mishra and Sinha (2014) has opposed that along with efficient pay structure, it is important to motivate the workforce with effective career opportunity. It indicates that organizations need to gain the trust of the workforce by ensuring that employees future growth is taken into consideration by the management. As mentioned by Lazaroiu (2015), recognition is a motivational tool, which helps the organization to motivate every individual employee. The term recognition defines how the management of an organization is appreciating an employee for achieving a set of objective. It is highly important to appreciate the workforce after achieving a particular objective for empowering motivational aspects. However, Solomon et al. (2012) has additionally mentioned that only appreciation is not sufficient for continues improvement of the workforce. An organization should consider extra financial benefits along with recognition in order to influence the workforce to maintain efficiency. For example, CEO of Facebook, Mark Zuckerberg appreciates the workforce for achieving short-term organizational objectives for motivating the workforce (Manzoor 2012). On the other hand, Bogoviz, Vukovich and Stroiteleva (2013) stated that adopting only financial benefit could harm self-esteem of an employee, which can r educe performance quality severely. However, Mishra and Sinha (2014) has stated that providing financial benefit empowers motivation of the workforce in short-term basis. It means a medium level organization can provide only financial benefits to the workforce for increasing business performance for short time. On the other hand, Manzoor (2012) stated that a large organization should consider long-term relationship with the workforce and therefore, a large organization should implement recognition as the primary motivation tool rather than financial benefits. As per the viewpoint of Qayyum (2012), apart from recognition and financial benefits, a succession plan is another effective motivational tool, which can empower performance quality of the workforce. In this strategy, an organization considers future growth of the employees along with organizational benefits. In this manner, an organization engages an effective training program for empowering knowledge of the workforce. According to Cherian and Jacob (2013), this strategy not only helps the organizations to provide adequate knowledge to the workforce but also helps the workforce to improve their efficiency. For example, Apple is considering continuous knowledge growth of the workforce for motivating the employees. However, Acha, Hargiss and Howard (2013) have argued that an effective successive plan involves a monetary investment, which increases the overall organizational cost. In other words, this motivational tool is a financial benefit for the workforce; because employees are get ting the professional training at free of cost. On the other hand, Ude and Coker (2012) stated that if an organization is only relying on financial benefits rather than successive plan, then it will be difficult for the company to improve performance quality of the workforce. It defines that providing an effective career opportunity is more beneficial than financial benefits. In this regards, Manzoor (2012) has stated that in this competitive era of the business environment, every organization is willing to retain their employees and therefore, every company is offering an effective remuneration structure. Considering succession plan along with financial benefit can help an organization in reducing the rate of employee turnover in an efficient manner. However, Solomon et al. (2012) has argued that providing financial benefits along with succession plan will increase company's cost remarkably. Therefore, an organization needs to choose between these two motivational tools for ensurin g low cost and high profitability. On the other hand, Cherian and Jacob (2013) stated that, an effective succession plan ensure the employees that management of the organization is looking forward to the employees. Therefore, motivating the employees will be easy for the organization by implementing succession plan rather than monitory benefits. According to Qayyum (2012), workforce flexibility is another motivational tool, which allows the workforce to be flexible during performing for certain objectives. It helps the workforce in achieving the organizational objectives as per their convenience. In other words, flexibility increases self-esteem of the employees in an effective manner. As mentioned by Bogoviz, Vukovich and Stroiteleva (2013), a flexible working culture improves responsibility of the employees and therefore, employees can perform in critical situation for avoiding negative outcome. The most relevant example of flexible working culture is Google working atmosphere (Lazaroiu 2015). Google is efficiently managing the workforce by implementing a flexible working culture and therefore, the workforce is highly satisfied and motivated as well. On the other hand, Manzoor (2012), has opposed that this kind of working environment is only facilitates the experienced employees. Therefore, new employees can face difficult ies while working in such environment. In order to motivate the workforce, it is highly important to provide a maintained flexibility along with financial benefits. According to Qayyum (2012), a flexible working environment with high observation is the most effective motivational tool, which can empower performance quality and employee engagement of an organization. However, Ude and Coker (2012) have mentioned that apart from this motivational tool, an organization needs to provide extra financial benefits such as incentives and reward bonus. Conclusion This essay is emphasizing that most of the organization are relying on financial benefits for motivating the workforce. In this essay, arguments of various authors are indicating that there are various motivational tools apart from financial benefit. When it comes to the recognition, an organization needs to appreciate the workforce for achieving an objective. Along with that, the organization should also provide fringe benefits for fulfilling basic requirements of the workforce. On the other hand, an organization should consider future development of the workforce for building an emotional relationship with the employees. In this motivational tool, an organization will be able to increase employee motivation along with employee engagement. Apart from that, instead of financial benefits, a flexible working culture can be implemented as a motivational tool. This motivational tool helps an organization to allow the workforce in enhancing their self-esteem. On the other hand, many resea rchers have argued that this particular motivational tool can affect the organizational sustainability negatively. Reference list Acha, V., Hargiss, K.M. and Howard, C., 2013. The Relationship between Emotional Intelligence of a Leader and Employee Motivation to Job Performance.International Journal of Strategic Information Technology and Applications (IJSITA),4(4), pp.80-103 Bogoviz, A.V., Vukovich, G.G.E. and Stroiteleva, T.G.E., 2013. Motivation of staff in the corporate sector industry.World applied sciences journal,25(10), pp.1423-1428 Chauhan, A., Goel, M. and Arora, R.G., 2014. A review on factors influencing employee motivation.EXCEL International Journal of Multidisciplinary Management Studies,4(2), pp.128-143 Cherian, J. and Jacob, J., 2013. Impact of self efficacy on motivation and performance of employees.International Journal of Business and Management,8(14), p.80 Lazaroiu, G., 2015. Employee Motivation and Job Performance.Linguistic and Philosophical Investigations,14, p.97 Manzoor, Q.A., 2012. Impact of employees motivation on organizational effectiveness.Business management and strategy,3(1), p.1 Mishra, T. and Sinha, S., 2014. Employee motivation as a tool to implement internal marketing.International Journal of Commerce, Business and Management,3(5) Qayyum, A., 2012. An empirical analysis of employee motivation and the role of demographics: the banking industry of Pakistan.Global Business and Management Research,4(1), p.1 Solomon, O., Hashim, N.H., Mehdi, Z.B. and Ajagbe, A.M., 2012. Employee motivation and organizational performance in multinational companies: A study of Cadbury Nigeria Plc.IRACST-International Journal of Research in Management Technology (IJRMT),2(3), pp.303-312 Ude, U. and Coker, M.A., 2012. Incentive scheme, employee motivation and productivity in organizations in Nigeria: Analytical Linkages.Journal of Business and Management,1(4), pp.32-39